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01 April 2001, Volume 22 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Oil and Gas Exploration Potential of Tarim Basin LI De-sheng 2001, 22 (2):  91-92.  Abstract ( 153 )   PDF (122KB) ( 784 )   Save The Tarim basin contains substantial volume of both oil and natural gas resources among sedimentary basins of China. This basin has low degree of exploration,so it has great potentialities. The Tarim basin is a complex multi-petroleum systems, it has experienced seven tectonics evolutionary stages. Abundant source rocks occur in both marine and terrestrial lacustrine origin. Since the basin is mostly covered by vast area of desert and its periphery regions with mountains irregularities,the reservoirs are deeply buried in subsurface. Comprehensive new available high technologies are required to reduce the exploration risks. In this paper, many suggestions for Tarim basin exploration strategy and favorable targets are made in terms of complications of the basin. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Petroleum Geological Condition and Prospecting Orientation in Tarim Basin ZHAO Meng-jun, ZENG Qiang, ZHANG Bao-min 2001, 22 (2):  93-96.  Abstract ( 192 )   PDF (597KB) ( 569 )   Save The Tarim basin is abundant both of oil and gas, there developed multiple sets of source rocks such as Cambrian, Middle and Upper Ordovician, Carboniferous and Triassic-Jurassic systems. They are the basis of crude oil prospecting,and formed the characteristics of multi-staged formation of pools. The analysis suggested that as the later- generated-hydrocarbon underwent less destructive influence of tectonic movements, so it benefited favorably on forming of existing pools. While for earlier formed pools, some have been destroyed and some are well preserved. The prerequisites for which deep-buried hydrocarbon could be preserved are high pressure and low heatflow. The five sets of reservoir-caprock assemblages developed in the basin have provided essential conditions to form large and super-large oil-gas reservoir. Besides, combined with concrete geologic conditions concerned, the paper discussed the exploration orientation for Kuche petroleum system, Tabei region and Tazhong region. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Formation of Several large Oilfields in Bohai Bay Basin and Their Exploration AN Zuo-xiang 2001, 22 (2):  97-102.  Abstract ( 413 )   PDF (897KB) ( 684 )   Save Based on the analyses for formation of Renqiu, Dongxin, Gudao, Beidagang and Shuguang-Huanxiling oilfields, it is found that their principal hydrocarbon source rock is Shasanduan unit,the hydrocarbon expelling and secondary migration occurred at about the end of Paleogene,and the forming and finalizing of such oilfields are accomplished in the end of Neogene to Quarternary. The four large oifields along Bohai bay, due to faults connection and communication, the hydrocarbon of Paleogene again migrated into Neogene. The crude oil was also affected by degradation and became more viscous and heavier. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Formation Condition and Distribution Regularity of Oil-Gas Reservoir of Mobei Arch in Junggar Basin ZHANG Nian-fu, ZHANG Yue-qian, YAO Xin-yu, ZHANG Cong-zhen 2001, 22 (2):  103-106.  Abstract ( 142 )   PDF (394KB) ( 519 )   Save The hydrocarbon in Mobei arch reservoir is Permian matured and over-matured oil and gas which mainly comes from the depression to the west of Well Pen 1. The sedimentary cap-rock here could be vertically divided into three structural units, namely the Permian-Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous-Quaternary. The hydrocarbon are mainly migrated through the faulting and better reservoir are the first to accumulate hydrocarbon to form oil-gas reservoir. The Sangonghe formation is characterized by Jurassic sand with great thickness and vast distribution, so it is difficult to form lithologic trap, and the reservoirs mainly occurred as structural trap. The deep buried Triassic- Permian traps have quite good conditions for hydrocarbon accumulation. Related Articles | Metrics

The Growth Formation of Kuche Foreland Overthrust Belt and Its Application in Oil-Gas Exploration LEI Gang-lin, ZHANG Guo-wei, LIU Zhi-hong 2001, 22 (2):  107-110.  Abstract ( 185 )   PDF (1098KB) ( 564 )   Save The growth formations and growth triangles widely developed in Kuche foreland overthrust belt. Typical growth formations and growth triangles are identified from surface outcrop and seismic profiles. They could be used to determine the initial time of tectonic event, and consequently to analyze the structural evolution history and the relation- ship between the structures and oil-gas expelling periods. It is considered that the Kelasu structure belt will be a favorable oil-and gas-bearing belt. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Preliminary Study on Oil-Gas Unit Formation in Continental Faulting-Depression Basin—an example from Shahejie formation in Chexi sag SONG Chuan-chun, WANG Ru-liang 2001, 22 (2):  111-114.  Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (485KB) ( 455 )   Save In view of various aspects of source bed, reservoir rock, caprock, barrier and structural features, this pa- per studied the oil-gas migration and accumulation of petroleum system of Shahejie formation in Chexi sag of Bohai bay basin. Furthermore, combining the analysis of nose structure and arch-shape faults in the depression as well as the distribution of sand bodies, we also discussed the oil-gas distribution. The author integrate the source rock, reservoir rock, caprock and trapment as an unified basic pool-forming unit—oil-gas pool forming unit. Then according to characteristics of geological structure, it was subdivided into Ⅰ,Ⅱ, Ⅲ classes. It is considered that in petroleum systems, there exists a principal orientation of oil-gas migration and accumulation, namely the oil-gas distribution and formation unit which is dominated by oil-gas unit. It is represented by various kinds of oil-gas pool distribution patterns, including radiating distribution form, circular distribution form. And combined distribution the above two forms dominate the various types of oil and gas distribution. It revealed the internal relations to a certain degree of source rock of fault-depression basin, sandbody distribution, structures characteristics with the formation of oil-gas pools. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Evalutiont of Fault Sealing Effect in Lukeqin Structure Belt of Turpan-Hami Basin ZHAO Mi-fu, LI Ya-hui, XIN Quan-lin, GAO Hong-yan, XU Zhen- zhong 2001, 22 (2):  115-118.  Abstract ( 135 )   PDF (522KB) ( 341 )   Save Based on study conducted for effect evalution of fault sealing of Lukeqin structural belt both at the pre- sent time and at pool-forming time,it is discovered that the structure belt has been strongly compacted in north-east trend and displayed good effect of sealing. While that of northwest trend faults are less good. However, the sealing effect occurred at the time of pool-forming stage is contrary to the above mentioned. The different effect of fault sealing at pool-forming period determined the general configuration of oil-gas distribution, while the current fault sealing features played a dominant role in oil-gas preservation and the. height of oil-column. Finally, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation was made on the oil-controlling fault, it is recognized that due to the poor effect of this region's fault block trapment,it cannot prov ide necessary conditions for thin crude accumulation in a large scale. But it will show rather good sealing effect for certain viscous heavy crude. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Petroleum Subsystem in Taricuo Deep Depression of Cuoqin Basin WU Kong-you, HONG Mei 2001, 22 (2):  119-121.  Abstract ( 169 )   PDF (332KB) ( 455 )   Save The Taricuo deep depression located in the northern depression of Cuoqin basin is a tectonic-composite basin formed under a compressive background. There developed two petroleum systems--one key petroleum system and one petroleum subsystem. With respect to the petroleum subsystem,the hydrocarbon-generating threshold depth is 3000~4200 m, the temperature for hydrocarbon- generating window is 100~140℃, and the key moment of hydrocarbon generation in petroleum subsystem is 65 Ma ago. Owing to complicated tectonie movements, the Taricuo deep depression might lack preservation conditions necessary for forming large-scale oil-gas pools,Cenozoic formation,which is well-preserved, will be the favorable target for oil-gas exploration. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Velocity Quantification in Lithologic Prediction ZHU Wei-ye, HOU Jian-guo, GAO Yong-fu 2001, 22 (2):  122-123.  Abstract ( 87 )   PDF (352KB) ( 298 )   Save In two-dimensional prospecting, the conventional interval between two neighboring indexes of lithologic index quantifier is 25%, such quantifier has contributed to a certain degree in application to regional prospecting, while it cannot meet the accuracy requirement of reservoir prediction in three dimensional prospecting. This paper suggests, in 3D prospecting region, by means of raising the resolution of lithologic index quantifier, the accuracy of lithologic prediction can be improved. Actual data have verified that the seismic prediction result is basically correspondent with drilling logging recorded result. The accuracy of prediction is obviously improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Static Correction by Using Stacking Method ZHAO Feng, ZHENG Hong-ming 2001, 22 (2):  124-125.  Abstract ( 131 )   PDF (464KB) ( 364 )   Save Static correction by means of stacking method is to adopt the principle of stacking, make full use of the information of refracted wave and reflected wave in seismic data, using capable, interactive seismic data processing system to calculate the relative static correction value of shot points and geophane point respecting, in order to eliminate the influence on seismic data from different wavelength static correction,to improve the resolution of seismic data processing. This paper introduced the principle of method, implementation process and result of its application. Related Articles | Metrics

Sedimentary Characteristics and Oil-Gas Distribution of Sangonghe Formation Reservoir of Lower Jurassic in Shinan Oilfield, Junggar Basin SUN Bao-zong, WEN Dong-shan 2001, 22 (2):  126-128.  Abstract ( 176 )   PDF (408KB) ( 409 )   Save Through detailed description of sedimentary characteristics of Sangonghe formation reservoir in Shinan oilfield, using geologic, well logging and seismic data, comprehensive analysis on sedimentary environment, sedimentary facies and sedimentary sequences, it is found that Sangonghe formation of Jurassic in this area is mainly a set of braided stream delta deposits. with abundance of, running water structures originated from traction, current genesis. and it is less matured sediments controlled by structural and climate conditions. Comparative analysis between sedimentary microfacies characteristics of braided stream delta front sediments with the oil-gas bearing features has indicated that the underwater distributary channels suitable to hydrocarbon accumulation is a favorable zone for development. The sedimentary microfacies showed important effect on reservoir heterogeneity and oil-water movement. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Reservoir Characteristics of Principal Target Strata in Northern Tianshan Mountain Front Region of Junggar Basin JIANG Yi-qin, YU Chun-hui, CHANG Qiu-sheng, ABULIZI, YA0Ai-guo 2001, 22 (2):  129-132.  Abstract ( 128 )   PDF (427KB) ( 562 )   Save Comprehensive analysis for principal target strata in piedmont of northern Tianshan Mountain is conducted, including the studies of fundamental characteristics of reservoir, diagenesis, and other important factors affecting the petrophysical properties of reservoir. It is recognized that the evolution of various reservoir is strictly constrained by regional and local tectonic movements, deposits distribution and diagenesis. The unfavorable factors affecting reservoirs are the unsuitable sedimentary facies belt where they situated, carbonate cementation and the separate out of auto-genetic clay minerals etc.,while the favorable conditions are denudation,peripheral mud film and carbonate cements supporting in earlier stage. The paper indicated that the relatively good reservoirs are Taxihe formation(N1t) of Anjihai, Shawan formation (N1s) of Dushanzi, Ziniquanzi formation (E1-2z) of Hutubi, and Anjihaihe formation (E2-3a) of Manasi. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Generalized Usher Model for Prediction of Production and Recoverable Reserve of Oilfield LI She-wen 2001, 22 (2):  133-135.  Abstract ( 151 )   PDF (263KB) ( 379 )   Save A new growth curve model has been established, namely the generalized Usher model, which is more flexible and adaptable. The model has been applied for prediction of production and recoverable reserve of Samatelore oilfield. Application result demonstrated that such a model could be used to describe the developing procedure of some things or events, and the resulted matching accuracy is no less than that of commonly used Usher model. References | Related Articles | Metrics

On the Usefulness of Usher, Logistic and Gompertz Growth Curves YU Qi-tai 2001, 22 (2):  136-141.  Abstract ( 423 )   PDF (801KB) ( 970 )   Save The logistic growth curve and the Gompertz growth curve are the special case of the Usher growth curve. Their functional expressions are introduced respectively, which were used for prediction of oilfield development indexes. A repeated dual-variate regression equation aimed to obtain parameters of Usher growth curve is suggested. Based on actual data of oilfield, using Usher, Logistic and Gompertz growth curves as well as a most functional broad sense growth and decline curve, the matching calculation results of mentioned four curves have shown that the generalized growth and decline curve as、 well as the Usher curve are both very well matched with actual value,representing powerful capability of prediction. The Logistic curve, shows relatively good matching result, have relatively good usefulness. However, with respects to Gompertz curve,owing to the narrow range of ratio between the peak output corresponding cumulative pro- duction and maximum recoverable reserve, so the matching result is less good, and this curve is less useful. This paper points out that the future study on growth curve should be oriented to generalized growth curve,which can be applied to the entire procedure of oilfield development. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Study on Economic Marginal Limit of Well Spacing Density During Extra-High Water-Cut Stage of Oilfield YU Le-xiang 2001, 22 (2):  142-143.  Abstract ( 123 )   PDF (138KB) ( 400 )   Save In view of Shengli oilfield's current situation of high or extra-high water cut, and economic efficiency based on oilfield's actual data, this paper established the quantitative relationship between oil recovery and well spacing density. It takes into consideration the investment on infrastructure and the operating and management spending during investment pay out period etc, using the principle of loss-and-gain balance, this paper formulated the expression of rea- sonable well spacing density. This formula has been applied and verified in Shengli oilfield, on to high and low permeabilty reservoir of fifty units altogether which have been classified into two categories: high-permeable and low permeable. It prov ide reliable scientific basis for oilfield development decision making and production operation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A New Improved Recovery Method for Complicated Sandstone Reservoir with Bottom-Water ZHONG Zhong-qian, SONG Wen-jie 2001, 22 (2):  144-146.  Abstract ( 122 )   PDF (532KB) ( 295 )   Save In sandstone bottom-water reservoir, accompanying with oil production, nearly-vertical pressure gradient will be generated at the lower position of oil-bearing formation and results in the bottom water moving upward. The author developed a new method of "producing water and eliminating conning",to restrain bottom-water movement and increase oil recovery. Using reservoir simulation technique studied its applicable conditions, applicable range, opportune moment and economic risk, etc., in terms of its mechanism. Through the analysis of a certain block of Tarim basin, it is recognized this method is more adaptable to middle-late period sandstone bottom-water reservoir development, and it will obtain good economic benefit for improved increase of crude oil recovery. It has bright future to be widely applied. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Productivity Prediction of Dongying Formation Reservoir with Log Data in Liaohe Xiaowa Oilfield TAN Cheng-qian, WU Shao-bo, SONG Zi-qi 2001, 22 (2):  147-149.  Abstract ( 110 )   PDF (173KB) ( 376 )   Save The factors that will affect petroleum productivity can be divided into two categories,namely the artificial factors and reservoir factors. For a specific oil zone,under the roughly similar artificial operating conditions,its productivity will mainly depend upon reservoir property. Based on Darcy's two-dimensional productivity formula, this paper studied the theoretical equation of productivity, using the function relation between relative permeability and water saturation as a linkage,and derived multivariant relational expression between the effective porosity,permeability and resistivity. Then, combined with theory of well logging, taking it as a parameter for comprehensive evaluation, adopting the artificial nervous network technique,this method has been applied to productivity prediction of Xiaowa region's Dongying formation of Liaohe oilfield. The results are good, and verified the usefulness of the method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Query to Mr. LI Chuan-liang’s Overburden Formation Pressure Formula ZHOU Da-chen 2001, 22 (2):  150-151.  Abstract ( 161 )   PDF (175KB) ( 593 )   Save this paper discussed once more the reasonableness of concept of formation-surface and the correctness of formula p0=σ'+ppφ0. At the same time, it has been proved that the formula p0=ppφ0+σ(1-φ), is a erroneous one. The author suggested that the effective stress and granular pressure are two different concepts, and also pointed out the differences between them. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A New Equation of Porosity-Depth Curve LI Chuang-liang, KONG Xiang-yan 2001, 22 (2):  152-152.  Abstract ( 187 )   PDF (158KB) ( 393 )   Save Based on a study conducted on characteristics of the porosity-depth curve and its mathematic expression, it is discovered that the curve could be divided into two stages, namely an exponential decline stage and a constant stage. The earlier traditional porosity-depth curve can only be used to describe the variation of porosity in exponential decline stage. The newly-suggested unified porosity-depth equation can be used to describe the variation of porosity simultaneously both in exponential decline stage and in constant stage too. Consequently, the new equation will serve better in the research work of basin simulation and petroleum geology. References | Related Articles | Metrics

A Study for Predicting Water Breakthrough Time of Oil-Well in Low Permeability Bottom-Water Reservoir with no Barrier ZHU Sheng-ju 2001, 22 (2):  153-154.  Abstract ( 163 )   PDF (203KB) ( 335 )   Save Based on the principle of the bottom- water conning and low permeability non-Darcy flow, a formula for predicting water breakthrough time of oil-well in a low permeability bottom-water reservoir with no barrier is derived. It has been successfully applied in a low permeability bottom-water sandstone reservoir in Erdos basin. The relative error between the predicted and observed values is only 6.47%. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Automatic Matching of Variation Function HUANG Cang-tian 2001, 22 (2):  155-157.  Abstract ( 159 )   PDF (245KB) ( 556 )   Save In order to solve the problem of artificial interference required in the process of randomly-establishing models of the reservoirs so as to realize computerization of the whole procedure from models to simulation in such a process,this paper suggested that computers are to be used to match automatically the entire procedure of variation function. The method can be used to calculate automatically experimental variation functions in eight directions by using computers, match the theoretical variation function model in all directions and establish the unified model, providing parameters for reservoir model establishment. This method has successfully solved the problem of artificial interference in reservoir model establishment, hence improving the degree of automation in establishing reservoir models. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Oil Fingerprints Technique in Monitoring Individual Zone Production Allocation of Commingled Oil Wells CHEN Shi-jia, MA Li-ning, FU Xiao-wen, CHEN Xiao-fan 2001, 22 (2):  158-159.  Abstract ( 176 )   PDF (241KB) ( 320 )   Save Oil fingerprints technique is based on oil fingerprints differences of individual zone and fingerprint variation characteristics of commingled oil,combined with different proportion of artificial formulation made in laboratory, and a calculation model has been established. Then the contribution allocation of individual zone can be directly determined. The results showed that the errory between artificial formulation and oil fingerprints calculation is less than 10% for two zones commingled oil well, while it is less than 13% for three zones commingled oil well. Besides, the errors between fingerprints calculation result and logging result is less than 15% too. So this technique can be used to calculate the contribution of individual zone in commingled oil well,and monitors the performance of individual oil producing zone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Application of Grey Topological Prediction Method on Evaluation of Fracturing Effect JIANG Ting-xue, YANG Yan-li 2001, 22 (2):  160-162.  Abstract ( 159 )   PDF (376KB) ( 236 )   Save Based on daily output data of pre-fracturing oil well, adopting the grey topological prediction method, we established the GM(1,1)model group, and predicted the well's production performance when not fractured in the period of effective fracturing, hence one can evaluate the actual output increment of fracturing treatment. The method is particularly applicable to oil well, which show obvious output fluctuation before fracturing treatment. The method has been verified by field data,and is highly reliable,which can be used as an important basis for evaluation of fracturing result and take it as important basis for fracturing result evaluation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

On Hydrocarbons Enrichment Regularity and Exploration Experiences for Medium-Small Basins at Home and Abroad LI Xiang-bo, YUAN Jian-ying, LIN Wei-dong, MA Long 2001, 22 (2):  163-166.  Abstract ( 167 )   PDF (509KB) ( 642 )   Save This paper mainly introduced the general situation and principal geological features of several typical “Small and fat”basins both at home and abroad, including the Los Angels basin in California of U.S.A.,the Miyang basin in Henan province of Eastern China and the Jiuxi basin in Hexi corridor of Western China. Principal factors controlling the hydrocarbons enrichment and distribution were analyzed. Finally, a summary was made on the experiences and lessons in oil-gas exploration achieved medium-small basins, it is considered that these understandings can be used as important reference in oil and gas exploration of western China 's medium-small basins. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Powerful Middle-Latitudinal Force of the Earth LIU Quan-wen, CHEN Jing shan, ZHAO Jin-zhou, YAN Ning-zhen, SHEN Shou-wen 2001, 22 (2):  167-171.  Abstract ( 230 )   PDF (763KB) ( 414 )   Save The powerful middle-latitudinal force is of the most important active force on the Earth,which affects our planet 's in broadest range. It is not only the active force forming the oceanic circulation flow, but also forming the at- mospheric circulation flow, thus producing centrifugal motion of all matter situated in middle-latitudinal zone(21°33′~68°27′). When typhoon enters the middle-latitudinal zone, it will obviously be affected by the force and eventually kept moving in the direction of the force orientation. The force will also play certain role to matter situated in polar zone. References | Related Articles | Metrics

The Petroliferous Features of Collapse Sediment Zone of Niochem Group in West Siberia C.B. YALESHOV, V.A. KAZANINKOV, U.N. KA ROGOKIN 2001, 22 (2):  177-178.  Abstract ( 117 )   PDF (127KB) ( 289 )   Save This paper stated the sedimentary structure of Niochem formation in west Siberia with a wedge-shape structure. Study results suggested the wedge shape rock body is formed in collapse sediment depositional process during marine ingression and regression cycles procedure. These wedge-shape rock bodies could be divided into two kinds of sandstone-siltstone reservoir rock bodies relating to continental shelf deposition and ending deposition respectively. Various kinds of trapments are widely developed in each kind reservoir bodies. It is considered that the wedge-shape. rock body should be regarded as special formation and special oil-gas bearing unit in geologic studies. Related Articles | Metrics