低渗透砂岩油藏不同流体驱油效率实验

doi:10.7657/XJPG20250113

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准噶尔盆地东缘低渗透砂岩油藏注水开发中—后期，开发效果变差，含水率变高，需要新的有效开发手段，选取不同流体开展驱油效率实验。利用天然岩心组合成长岩心并模拟地层条件，进行全程水驱及水驱至油藏目前采出程度后转注N₂、CH₄和CO₂的驱油实验，并对不同流体注入前后，进行岩心核磁共振扫描及原油赋存孔隙直径反演。研究结果表明，CO₂驱可提高原油采出程度21.58%，驱油效率及原油动用程度从大到小依次为CO₂、CH₄、H₂O和N₂。N₂主要动用较大孔隙中的原油，动用孔隙直径下限为170.9 nm；CH₄主要动用中—大孔隙中的原油，动用孔隙直径下限为48.7 nm；CO₂可以动用各个尺寸孔隙中的原油，动用孔隙直径下限最低，为27.8 nm。油田现场建立CO₂驱先导试验区，注CO₂后产液量上升，含水率下降，产油量增加，研究成果在现场应用效果良好。

关键词: 低渗透砂岩油藏, 水驱, 气驱, CO₂驱, 驱油效率, 提高采出程度

Abstract:

In the middle-late stage of waterflood development in low-permeability sandstone reservoirs in the eastern margin of the Junggar Basin, the development performance deteriorates, and the water cut increases, necessitating new effective development techniques. Different fluids were selected for oil displacement efficiency experiments. Using long cores and under simulated formation conditions, oil displacement experiments were performed for waterflooding and gas flooding with N?, CH?, and CO? after waterflooding till achieving the current recovery efficiency of the reservoir. Nuclear magnetic resonance scanning and oil-containing pore size inversion were conducted on cores before and after injection of different fluids. The results show that CO? flooding can increase the recovery factor by 21.58%. The fluids rank as CO?, CH?, H?O, and N? in a descending order of oil displacement efficiency and producing degree. N? flooding primarily recovers oil from larger pores, with the lower limit of pore size being 170.9 nm. CH? flooding primarily mobilizes oil from medium to large pores, with the lower limit of pore size being 48.7 nm. CO? flooding can extract oil from pores of all sizes, with the lower limit of pore size being 27.8 nm, the lowest level among the processes tested. A CO? flooding pilot test zone was established in the oilfield. After CO? injection, the liquid production increased, the water cut decreased, and the oil production improved, suggesting good field application.

Key words: low-permeability sandstone reservoir, water flooding, gas flooding, CO₂ flooding, oil displacement efficiency, recovery percent improvement

中图分类号:

TE357

陈超, 晏晓龙, 罗晓静, 甄延明. 低渗透砂岩油藏不同流体驱油效率实验[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2025, 46(1): 105-113.

CHEN Chao, YAN Xiaolong, LUO Xiaojing, ZHEN Yanming. Experimental Study on Oil Displacement Efficiency by Different Fluids in Low-Permeability Sandstone Reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2025, 46(1): 105-113.

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岩心编号	长度/cm	直径/cm	孔隙度/%	渗透率/mD
N1	5.0	2.5	16.14	2.33
N2	7.6	2.5	11.41	1.98
N3	6.4	2.5	12.98	13.86
N4	3.8	2.5	14.37	12.50
C1	4.8	2.5	17.35	1.82
C2	6.0	2.5	9.56	2.13
C3	6.0	2.5	10.95	4.97
C4	5.7	2.5	14.14	5.17
H1	4.9	2.5	12.41	2.38
H2	4.6	2.5	12.59	1.76
H3	5.2	2.5	6.96	1.71
H4	7.0	2.5	11.93	10.13
W1	4.1	2.5	6.68	1.25
W2	7.8	2.5	4.96	3.81
W3	5.3	2.5	6.98	2.42
W4	3.7	2.5	18.17	11.35

井名	注气前				注气后				特征
井名	日产液量/t	日产油量/t	含水率/%	地层压力/MPa	日产液量/t	日产油量/t	含水率/%	地层压力/MPa	特征
HXX82井	9.8	0.3	97		10.9	0.5	87		日产液量上升，含水率下降
HXX60井	25.0	1.8	93		33.8	3.8	67		日产液量上升，含水率下降
HXX14井	10.4	0.6	95		14.7	0.9	82		日产液量上升，含水率下降
HXX16井	3.5	0.4	88	10.35	5.6	0.7	68	10.45	日产液量上升，含水率下降
HXX18井	12.9	0.6	95		11.6	1.0	91		含水率下降，日产油量上升
HXX21井	2.3	0.5	79	8.05	4.6	0.6	77	8.12	日产液量上升
HXX92井	4.5	1.0	77	7.23	5.9	1.3	60	8.94	日产液量上升
HXX80井	6.0	1.0	83		8.2	1.3	77	9.56	日产液量上升
HXX07井	14.9	1.9	86		24.1	2.3	85		日产液量上升
HXX12井	6.5	0.8	88		9.5	0.9	84		日产液量上升
HXX74井	6.3	1.0	86		4.2	0.7	76	13.58	未见效