强非均质超稠油SAGD储集层升级扩容数值模拟

doi:10.7657/XJPG20230211

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

新疆风城油田超稠油油藏储集层属陆相辫状河沉积，非均质性强，SAGD井组存在循环预热周期长、蒸汽腔发育不均等问题。前期储集层扩容试验能够显著提高蒸汽注入能力，缩短预热时间，但缺乏储集层扩容的全流程岩石力学耦合分析，不利于SAGD储集层升级扩容施工参数优化设计。基于岩石三轴压缩等室内实验，获取强非均质储集层岩石力学参数，建立耦合岩石力学的双水平井SAGD扩容热采数值模型，开展储集层升级扩容影响因素分析。通过对强非均质储集层开展分级分段扩容模拟，明确储集层升级扩容应包括井筒孔压预处理阶段、注汽井及分支应力扩容阶段、注汽井及分支大体积扩容阶段、注汽井与生产井井间连通阶段和注汽井上方大体积扩容阶段5个主要阶段，形成鱼骨井分段扩容等针对强非均质储集层的升级扩容策略。实践表明，储集层升级扩容技术适用于强非均质储集层，可使启动时间缩短50%，采油速度提高20%，可为强非均质储集层SAGD升级扩容施工参数优化提供借鉴。

关键词: 风城油田, 超稠油油藏, SAGD, 强非均质储集层, 升级扩容, 岩石力学, 数值模拟, 分段扩容

Abstract:

The ultra-heavy oil reservoirs in Fengcheng oilfield of Xinjiang belong to continental braided river deposits，with high heterogeneity. The SAGD well group in the oilfield has problems such as long preheating period and uneven development of steam chambers. The initial reservoir dilation test can significantly improve steam injection capacity and shorten preheating period，but lacks the whole-process rock mechanics coupling analysis on reservoir dilation，which is not conducive to the optimal design of the parameters for SAGD reservoir upgrading and dilation. Based on laboratory experiments such as rock triaxial compression test，the rock mechanical parameters of highly heterogeneous reservoirs were obtained，and a numerical model of SAGD dilation and thermal production for dual horizontal wells coupled with rock mechanics was established to analyze the factors influencing reservoir upgrading and dilation. Through the hierarchical and segmented dilation simulation for the highly heterogeneous reservoirs，it is clear that the reservoir upgrading and dilation should include five stages，that is，wellbore pore-pressure pretreatment stage，stress dilation stage of steam injector and its branches，large-volume dilation stage of steam injector and its branches，steam injector and producer connection stage，and above-injector large-volume dilation stage. An upgrading and dilation strategy represented by segmental dilation of fishbone well was formed for highly heterogeneous reservoirs. Field application has shown that the proposed reservoir upgrading and dilation technology is suitable for highly heterogeneous reservoirs. The technology can shorten the preheating period by 50% and increase the oil production rate by 20%. It provides a reference for the optimal design of parameters for SAGD upgrading and dilation in highly heterogeneous reservoirs.

Key words: Fengcheng oilfield, ultra-heavy oil reservoir, SAGD, highly heterogeneous reservoir, upgrading and dilation, rock mechanics, numerical simulation, segmented dilation

中图分类号:

TE345

孟祥兵, 孙新革, 罗池辉, 马鸿, 王青. 强非均质超稠油SAGD储集层升级扩容数值模拟[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2023, 44(2): 210-216.

MENG Xiangbing, SUN Xinge, LUO Chihui, MA Hong, WANG Qing. Numerical Simulation on Upgrading and Dilation of SAGD Ultra-Heavy Oil Reservoirs With High Heterogeneity[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2023, 44(2): 210-216.

图/表 6

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 21

[1]	武静, 胡光义. 基于蒸汽辅助重力泄油技术的油砂开发动用储量评估:以加拿大A油砂矿为例[J]. 海洋地质前沿, 2019, 35(10):63-68.
	WU Jing, HU Guangyi. Appraisal of exploitable bitumen volume in place developed by SAGD:a case study on oil sand deposit A in Canada[J]. Marine Geology Frontiers, 2019, 35(10):63-68.
[2]	魏兵, 张翔, 刘江, 等. 致密油藏提高采收率现场试验进展和启示[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(4):495-505.
	WEI Bing, ZHANG Xiang, LIU Jiang, et al. Progress and enlightenment of EOR field tests in tight oil reservoirs[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(4):495-505.
[3]	贾承造, 刘希俭, 雷群. 油砂资源状况与储量评估方法[M]. 北京: 石油工业出版社, 2007:1-38.
	JIA Chengzao, LIU Xijian, LEI Qun. Oil sands resources and evaluation methods of reserves[M]. Beijing: Petroleum Industry Press, 2007:1-38.
[4]	庞惠文, 金衍, 高彦芳, 等. 风城油田齐古组油砂细观结构和渗流特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2021, 42(4):487-494.
	PANG Huiwen, JIN Yan, GAO Yanfang, et al. Study on meso-structures and flow characteristics of oil sands in Qigu formation of Fengcheng oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2021, 42(4):487-494.
[5]	桑林翔, 杨万立, 杨浩哲, 等. 重18井区J₃q₃层夹层分布对SAGD开发效果的影响[J]. 特种油气藏, 2015, 22(3):81-84.
	SANG Linxiang, YANG Wanli, YANG Haozhe, et al. Influence of interbedding distribution on SAGD development effect in layer J₃q₃,Zhong-18 well field[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2015, 22(3):81-84.
[6]	石兰香, 李秀峦, 刘荣军, 等. 夹层对SAGD开发效果影响研究[J]. 特种油气藏, 2015, 22(5):133-136.
	SHI Lanxiang, LI Xiuluan, LIU Rongjun, et al. Research on the effect of interlayers on SAGD development[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2015, 22(5):133-136.
[7]	何万军, 王延杰, 王涛, 等. 储集层非均质性对蒸汽辅助重力泄油开发效果的影响[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2014, 35(5):574-577.
	HE Wanjun, WANG Yanjie, WANG Tao, et al. Impact of reservoir heterogeneity on ultra-heavy oil development effect by SAGD process[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2014, 35(5):574-577.
[8]	XU Bin, WONG R C K. Coupled finite-element simulation of injection well testing in unconsolidated oil sands reservoir[J]. International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics, 2013, 37:3 131-3 149. doi: 10.1002/nag.2182
[9]	林伯韬, 金衍. 新疆风城油田 SAGD 井挤液扩容效果影响因素评价[J]. 石油钻探技术, 2018, 46(6):71-76.
	LIN Botao, JIN Yan. Evaluation of the influencing factors of dilatancy effects by squeezing liquids in SAGD wells in the Fengcheng oilfield of Xinjiang oilfield[J]. Petroleum Drilling Techniques, 2018, 46(6):71-76.
[10]	高彦芳, 陈勉, 林伯韬, 等. 稠油油藏 SAGD 微压裂阶段储层压缩系数研究:以新疆风城陆相储层重1区齐古组为例[J]. 石油科学通报, 2017, 2(2):240-250.
	GAO Yanfang, CHEN Mian, LIN Botao, et al. Study on compressibility during mico-fracturing in continental ultra-heavy oil sand reservoirs:taking the Qigu formation of Xinjiang Fengcheng oilfield Z1 block for instance[J]. Petroleum Science Bulletin, 2017, 2(2):240-250.
[11]	LIN Botao, CHEN Sen, YOU Hongjuan, et al. Experimental investigation on dilation mechanism of ultra-heavy oil sands from Xinjiang oilfield[C]. Montreal:13th International Congress of Rock Mechanics, 2015.
[12]	LIN Botao, JIN Yan, PANG Huiwen, et al. Experimental investigation on dilation mechanisms of land-facies Karamay oil sand reservoirs under water injection[J]. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 2016, 49:1 425-1 439. doi: 10.1007/s00603-015-0817-8
[13]	林伯韬, 陈森, 潘竟军, 等. 风城陆相超稠油油砂微压裂扩容机理实验研究[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2016, 38(3):359-364.
	LIN Botao, CHEN Sen, PAN Jingjun, et al. Experimental study on dilation mechanism of micro-fracturing in continental ultra-heavy oil sand reservoir,Fengcheng oilfield[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2016, 38(3):359-364.
[14]	赵睿, 孙新革, 徐斌, 等. SAGD快速启动技术现状及前景展望[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2020, 42(4):417-424.
	ZHAO Rui, SUN Xinge, XU Bin, et al. Status and prospect of SAGD quick start technology[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2020, 42(4):417-424.
[15]	赵睿, 桑林翔, 陈伦俊, 等. 直井辅助SAGD扩容及地质力学-热采耦合数值模拟[J]. 特种油气藏, 2021, 28(3):81-86.
	ZHAO Rui, SANG Linxiang, CHEN Lunjun, et al. Vertical well assisted SAGD dilation and coupled numerical simulation of geomechanics and thermal recovery[J]. Special Oil & Gas Reservoirs, 2021, 28(3):81-86.
[16]	林伯韬, 金衍, 陈森, 等. SAGD井挤液预处理储层扩容效果预测[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2018, 40(3):341-347.
	LIN Botao, JIN Yan, CHEN Sen, et al. Prediction on the reservoir dilatation results by squeeze preprocessing in SAGD wells[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2018, 40(3):341-347.
[17]	YUAN Yanguang, XU Bin, PALMGREN C. Design of caprock integrity in thermal stimulation of shallow oil-sands reservoirs[J]. Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technology, 2013, 52(4):266-278. doi: 10.2118/149371-PA
[18]	王琪琪, 林伯韬, 金衍, 等. SAGD井挤液扩容对循环预热及生产的影响[J]. 石油钻采工艺, 2019, 41(3):387-392.
	WANG Qiqi, LIN Botao, JIN Yan, et al. Effects of SAGD well squeeze dilatation on the circulating preheating and production[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2019, 41(3):387-392.
[19]	孙新革, 罗池辉, 徐斌, 等. 强非均质超稠油油藏SAGD储层升级扩容研究[J]. 油气地质与采收率, 2021, 28(6):38-45.
	SUN Xinge, LUO Chihui, XU Bin, et al. Study on upgraded dilation of SAGD reservoirs with strong heterogeneity and ultra-heavy oil[J]. Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency, 2021, 28(6):38-45.
[20]	孙君, 王小华, 徐斌, 等. 强非均质超稠油砂储层双水平井扩容启动数值模拟研究[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2021, 21(15):6 262-6 271.
	SUN Jun, WANG Xiaohua, XU Bin, et al. Simulation of dilation start-up of dual horizontal wells in heterogeneous ultra-heavy oil sands reservoir[J]. Science Technology and Engineering, 2021, 21(15):6 262-6 271.
[21]	吴寒, 林伯韬, 潘竟军, 等. 风城油田超稠油油藏非均质储集层地应力场特征[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(2):217-222.
	WU Han, LIN Botao, PAN Jingjun, et al. Characteristics of in-situ stress field in heterogeneous ultra-heavy oil reservoir of Fengcheng oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(2):217-222.