塔河油田海西运动早期奥陶系岩溶地貌

doi:10.7657/XJPG20200503

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

依据大量地质和地球物理资料,从构造形变的角度出发,采用井震结合、层面追踪及三维建模的方法,对塔河油田海西运动早期岩溶地貌的形成过程进行研究。结果发现,塔河油田古生界可分为2个形变构造层,一个是寒武系—奥陶系形变构造层,呈平缓背斜构造;另一个为石炭系—二叠系形变构造层,呈褶皱链式构造披覆于奥陶系之上。印模法不适用于塔河油田岩溶地貌的恢复,基于现今奥陶系顶面构造形态,建立构造等效圆弧曲线方程,依据不同构造阶段挤压形变压缩率,采用等弧长积分法,有效去除了岩溶期后的构造形变量,恢复了岩溶期地貌形态。海西运动早期,塔河油田奥陶系岩溶地貌北高南低,西倾东翘,其构造幅度为现今构造幅度的70%,具继承性演化特征,2个高耸带状峰丘高地与其间低缓箕状河丘谷地以及南部平坦开阔岩溶湖,共同构成了一个完整、独立的岩溶系统。

关键词: 塔北隆起, 塔河油田, 奥陶系, 海西运动, 岩溶地貌, 印模法, 等弧长积分法

Abstract:

Using a large amount of geological and geophysical data, the genetic process of the Ordovician karst paleogeomorphology during the Early Hercynian movement in the Tahe oilfield was investigated from the point of tectonic deformation by means of logging-seismic combination, stratigraphic interpretation and 3D modeling. The results show that there are two Paleozoic intervals with distinct deformation. The upper is a Cambrian-Ordovician carbonate formation showing as a gentle anticline, and the lower is a Carboniferous-Permian clastic formation showing as a fold chain overlying the Ordovician. The “impression method” isn’t suitable for the restoration of the paleokarst landform in the study area. Instead, we built a structural equivalent arc curve equation based on the present Ordovician top structural geomorphology, and used the equal arc length integral method to effectively remove the structural deformation after the karst period and restored the paleogeomorphology according to the compression ratio of different structural stages. The karst paleogeomorphology during the Early Hercynian movement was high in the north and low in the south, plunging to the west and rising to the east. The structure relief was 70% of the present one, showing a successive development feature. The complete and independent karst system is composed of two high and steep banded hoodoos-uplands, a lower karst depressions with a dustpan shape and a flat and open karst lake in the south of study area.

Key words: Tabei uplift, Tahe oilfield, Ordovician, Hercynian movement, karst paleogeomorphology, impression method, equal arc length integral method

中图分类号:

TE122.14

张三, 金强, 赵深圳, 孙建芳, 李永强, 张旭栋, 程付启. 塔河油田海西运动早期奥陶系岩溶地貌[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2020, 41(5): 527-534.

ZHANG San, JIN Qiang, ZHAO Shenzhen, SUN Jianfang, LI Yongqiang, ZHANG Xudong, CHENG Fuqi. Ordovician Karst Paleogeomorphology During Early Hercynian Movement in Tahe Oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2020, 41(5): 527-534.

图/表 6

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

参考文献 31

[1]	康玉柱. 塔里木盆地海相古生界油气勘探的进展[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2002,23(1):76-78.
	KANG Yuzhu. The progress for onshore marine petroleum exploration of Paleozoic in Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2002,23(1):76-78.
[2]	赵永刚, 王东旭, 冯强汉, 等. 油气田古地貌恢复方法研究进展[J]. 地球科学与环境学报, 2017,39(4):516-529.
	ZHAO Yonggang, WANG Dongxu, FENG Qianghan, et al. Review on palaeomorphologic reconstruction methods in oil and gas fields[J]. Journal of Earth Science and Environment, 2017,39(4):516-529.
[3]	TIAN Fei, DI Qingyun, JIN Qiang, et al. Multiscale geological-geophysical characterization of the epigenic origin and deeply buried paleokarst system in Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2019,102:16-32. doi: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2018.12.029
[4]	HAN Changcheng, LIN Chengyan, WEI Ting, et al. Paleogeomorphology restoration and the controlling effects of paleogeomorphology on karst reservoirs:a case study of an Ordovician-aged section in Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin,China[J]. Carbonates and Evaporites, 2017,34(1):31-44. doi: 10.1007/s13146-017-0382-1
[5]	王萍, 袁向春, 李江龙, 等. 塔河油田4区古地貌对储层分布的影响[J]. 石油与天然气地质, 2011,32(3):382-387. doi: 10.11743/ogg20110310
	WANG Ping, YUAN Xiangchun, LI Jianglong, et al. Control of palaeogeomorphology on reservoir distribution in Block4 of Tahe oilfield[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2011,32(3):382-387.
[6]	胡少华. 基于地震资料的构造—沉积综合分析法:一种剥蚀厚度恢复新方法[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2004,39(4):478-483.
	HU Shaohua. Integrative structural-sedimentary analysis method based on seismic data:a new method for restoring denuded thickness[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2004,39(4):478-483.
[7]	曹建文, 夏日元, 张庆玉. 应用古地貌成因组合识别法恢复塔河油田主体区古岩溶地貌[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2015,36(3):283-287.
	CAO Jianwen, XIA Riyuan, ZHANG Qingyu. Application of paleogeomorphic genesis assembly identification method to recovery of paleokarst landform in major blocks of Tahe oil field,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2015,36(3):283-287.
[8]	王家豪, 王华, 赵忠新, 等. 层序地层学应用于古地貌分析:以塔河油田为例[J]. 地球科学——中国地质大学学报, 2003,28(4):425-430.
	WANG Jiahao, WANG Hua, ZHAO Zhongxin, et al. Sequence stratigraphy in paleogeomorphy analysis:an example from Tahe oilfield[J]. Earth Science——Journal of China University of Geasciences, 2003,28(4):425-430.
[9]	万锦峰, 鲜本忠, 佘源琦, 等. 基于伽马能谱测井信息的古水深恢复方法:以塔河油田4区巴楚组为例[J]. 石油天然气学报, 2011,33(6):98-103.
	WAN Jinfeng, XIAN Benzhong, SHE Yuanqi, et al. Palaeobathymetric reconstruction based on natural gamma ray spectrometry logging data:by taking Bachu formation in Region 4 of Tahe oil field for example[J]. Journal of Oil and Gas Technology, 2011,33(6):98-103.
[10]	张庆玉, 梁彬, 秦凤蕊, 等. 哈拉哈塘凹陷奥陶系岩溶古地貌及岩溶缝洞体发育模式[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2016,37(6):660-666.
	ZHANG Qingyu, LIANG Bin, QIN Fengrui, et al. Karst paleogeomorphology and development model of karst fracture-cave bodies of Ordovician in Halahatang sag[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2016,37(6):660-666.
[11]	韩长城, 林承焰, 鲁新便, 等. 塔河油田奥陶系岩溶地貌对储集层的控制作用[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2016,37(4):417-422.
	HAN Changcheng, LIN Chengyan, LU Xinbian, et al. Controlling effects of Ordovician karst paleogeomorphology on reservoirs in Tahe oilfield,Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2016,37(4):417-422.
[12]	张云峰, 谭飞, 屈海洲, 等. 岩溶残丘精细刻画及控储特征分析:以塔里木盆地轮古地区奥陶系风化壳岩溶储集层为例[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2017,44(5):716-726.
	ZHANG Yunfeng, TAN Fei, QU Haizhou, et al. Karst monadnock fine characterization and reservoir control analysis:a case from Ordovician weathering paleokarst reservoirs in Lungu area,Tarim basin,NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2017,44(5):716-726.
[13]	代金友, 何顺利. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田奥陶系古地貌研究[J]. 石油学报, 2005,26(3):37-39.
	DAI Jinyou, HE Shunli. Ordovician paleokarst landform of central gas field in Ordos basin[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2005,26(3):37-39.
[14]	康志宏. 塔河碳酸盐岩油藏岩溶古地貌研究[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2006,27(5):522-525.
	KANG Zhihong. The karst palaeogeomorphology of carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2006,27(5):522-525.
[15]	张宏, 董宁, 宁俊瑞, 等. 利用地震地貌学刻画古喀斯特地貌[J]. 石油地球物理勘探, 2010,45(增刊):125-129.
	ZHANG Hong, DONG Ning, NING Junrui, et al. Using seismic geomorphology to characterize paleokarst landform[J]. Oil Geophysical Prospecting, 2010,45(Supp. ): 125-129.
[16]	邓兴梁, 张庆玉, 梁彬, 等. 塔中Ⅱ区奥陶系鹰山组岩溶古地貌恢复方法研究[J]. 中国岩溶, 2015,34(2):154-158.
	DENG Xingliang, ZHANG Qingyu, LIANG Bin, et al. Reconstruction of karst palaeogeomorphology for the Ordovician Yingshan formation in the central Tarim basin[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2015,34(2):154-158.
[17]	吕优良, 曹思远, 吕玉民. 塔里木盆地轮古地区奥陶系古岩溶作用及储层特征[J]. 科技导报, 2014,32(17):35-40. doi: 10.3981/j.issn.1000-7857.2014.17.005
	LÜ Youliang, CAO Siyuan, LÜ Yumin. Paleo-karstification and reservoir characterization of Ordovician carbonates in the Lungu area,Tarim basin[J]. Science & Technology Review, 2014,32(17):35-40.
[18]	王建民, 王佳媛, 沙建怀, 等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东部奥陶系风化壳岩溶古地貌特征及综合地质模型[J]. 吉林大学学报(地球科学版), 2014,44(2):409-418.
	WANG Jianmin, WANG Jiayuan, SHA Jianhuai, et al. Karst paleogeomorphology and comprehensive geological model of the Ordovician weathering crust in the eastern Ordos basin[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition), 2014,44(2):409-418.
[19]	焦方正. 塔里木盆地深层碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏体积开发实践与认识[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2019,46(3):552-558.
	JIAO Fangzheng. Practice and knowledge of volumetric development of deep fractured-vuggy carbonate reservoirs in Tarim basin,NW China[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2019,46(3):552-558.
[20]	张三, 金强, 乔贞, 等. 塔河油田奥陶系构造差异演化及油气地质意义[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2020,49(3):576-586.
	ZHANG San, JIN Qiang, QIAO Zhen, et al. Differential tectonic evolution of the Ordovician and its significance in petroleum geology in main area of Tahe oilfield[J]. Journal of China University of Mining & Technology, 2020,49(3):576-586.
[21]	夏永涛, 刘永立, 刘存革, 等. 塔河油田西北部加里东中期古水系特征及其地质意义[J]. 中国岩溶, 2019,38(3):438-443.
	XIA Yongtao, LIU Yongli, LIU Cunge, et al. Characteristics and geological significance of middle Caledonian palaeodrainage pattren in the northwest of Tahe oilfield[J]. Carsologica Sinica, 2019,38(3):438-443.
[22]	何登发. 不整合面的结构与油气聚集[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2007,34(2):142-149.
	HE Dengfa. Structure of unconformity and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2007,34(2):142-149.
[23]	吴其林, 傅恒, 黄海平, 等. 塔里木盆地塔河地区下石炭统巴楚组沉积演化[J]. 沉积与特提斯地质, 2008,28(3):79-83.
	WU Qilin, FU Heng, HUANG Haiping, et al. Sedimentary evolution of the Lower Carboniferous Bachu formation in the Tarim river area,Xinjiang[J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 2008,28(3):79-83.
[24]	王建民, 张三. 鄂尔多斯盆地伊陕斜坡上的低幅度构造特征及成因探讨[J]. 地学前缘, 2018,25(2):246-253.
	WANG Jianmin, ZHANG San. Exploring the characteristic and genesis of low amplitude structures on the Yishaan slope,Ordos basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2018,25(2):246-253.
[25]	汤良杰, 余一欣, 陈书平, 等. 含油气盆地盐构造研究进展[J]. 地学前缘, 2005,12(4):375-383.
	TANG Liangjie, YU Yixin, CHEN Shuping, et al. Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins[J]. Earth Science Frontiers, 2005,12(4):375-383.
[26]	汪伟, 尹宏伟, 周鹏, 等. 塔里木盆地含盐褶皱冲断带变形特征与变形机制[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2019,40(1):68-73.
	WANG Wei, YI Hongwei, ZHOU Peng, et al. Deformation characteristics and mechanism of salt-related fold thrust belt in Tarim basin[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2019,40(1):68-73.
[27]	安传杰. 塔北隆起轴部断裂系统及成因机制[D]. 北京:中国地质大学(北京), 2006.
	AN Chuanjie. Fault system and mechanism of axial area in Tabei uplift[D]. Beijing:China University of Geosciences (Beijing), 2006.
[28]	DAHLSTROM C D A. Balanced cross section[J]. Canadian Journal of Earth Science, 1969,6(4):743-757. doi: 10.1139/e69-069
[29]	李源, 鲁新便, 蔡忠贤, 等. 塔河油田海西早期古水文地貌特征及其对洞穴发育的控制[J]. 石油学报, 2016,37(8):1 011-1 020.
	LI Yuan, LU Xinbian, CAI Zhongxian, et al. Hydrogeomorphologic characteristics and its controlling caves in Hercynian,Tahe oilfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2016,37(8):1 011-1 020.
[30]	金强, 张三, 孙建芳, 等. 塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩岩溶相形成和演化[J]. 石油学报, 2020,41(5):513-525.
	JIN Qiang, ZHANG San, SUN Jianfang, et al. Formation and evolution of karst facies of Ordovician carbonates in Tahe oilfield[J]. Acta Petrolei Sinica, 2020,41(5):513-525.
[31]	张宸嘉, 樊太亮, 孟苗苗, 等. 塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩储集层成像测井地质解释[J]. 新疆石油地质, 2018,39(3):352-360.
	ZHANG Chenjia, FAN Tailiang, MENG Miaomiao, et al. Geological interpretation of Ordovician carbonate reservoir in Tahe oilfield:application of imaging logging technology[J]. Xinjiang Petroleum Geology, 2018,39(3):352-360.